Handbook of heat exchanger fouling mitigation and cleaning technologies pdf

Fouling of heat exchangers chemical engineering monographs. The first two of these interventions can be completed without any modifications to the heat exchanger itself while all three can be implemented without changes to the original piping connections and to its supports. For a new heat exchanger the fouling factor is zero and it increases with time with increased fouling. Chunangad2 and venkateswaran pushpanathan3 1 abb lummus heat transfer, 1515 broad street, bloomfield, nj 07003, usa. Biyearly conferences on heat exchanger fouling and cleaning were held since 1995. It reduces the heat recovery and restricts the fluid flow in a heat exchanger by. Engineering data book iii chapter 2 design considerations for. Another large section is designed to give information on both online and offline cleaning of heat exchangers. The present eproceedings as well as those from the previous conference in 2003 can be obtained free of charge from the following homepage of engineering conferences international symposium series. Fouling of heat exchangers me485 heat exchanger and steam generator design fouling accumulation of undesirable deposit on a hex surface.

The fouling materials can consist of either living organisms or a nonliving substance inorganic andor organic. The design, installation, commissioning and operation of heat exchangers to minimise fouling. Visit for state specific information including ohios required. Petrosync heat exchanger fouling mitigation technology. Heat exchanger design handbook mechanical engineering. They are widely used in space heating, refrigeration, air conditioning, power stations, chemical plants, petrochemical plants, petroleum refineries, natural. It is well known that such a hardened scale cannot be removed by brush punching, cho et al. A truly zero fouling heat exchanger must have zero fouling on the tubeside as well as on the shellside. Prevention of crystallization fouling during eutectic. Conferences by year heat exchanger fouling and cleaning. Industrial heat exchanger ljmu research online liverpool john. The design of innovative cip machine for heat exchangers. The usp technology was adopted by the engineering team of cd6, in april 2015.

The system employs specialized ultrasonic transducers and generators to allow cleaning to take place 247, with heat trains in full operation. Reza malayeri year 2004 paper 4 physical water treatment for the mitigation of mineral fouling in coolingtower water applications young i. A method for optimizing the cleaning schedule in large continuously operating heat exchanger networks hens such as refinery crude preheat trains is presented. Fouling is usually distinguished from other surfacegrowth phenomena in that it occurs on a surface of a component, system, or plant performing a defined and useful function and that. Heat exchanger fouling and cleaning conferences since 2003. Fouling results in higher thermal resistance and higher pressure. Coolingwater fouling in heat exchangers sciencedirect. Fouling is detrimental to heat exchanger performance and affects both heat transfer and pressure drop.

Few investigations have attempted to connect the mechanism of dairy fouling to the chemical reaction of denaturation unfolding and aggregation occurring in the bulk. First, if the particles are large 1 mm or have a fibrous structure, they may lodge in the inlet of the heat exchanger or clog the channels. Denaturation kinetics of whey protein isolate solutions. Heat exchanger fouling and cleaning conference 2017.

The process of fouling could be represented by the equation 2. This handbook presents the most important technologies concerning the reduction of fouling in heat exchangers and the appropriate technologies of removal and cleaning. The heat exchanger must be isolated from system vibrations using flexible piping connections and isolation pads on the mounting feet. Fundamentals and applications santa fe, new mexico, usa editors. C4 fouling of heat exchanger surfaces springerlink. Heat exchanger is equipment used to transfer heat from one fluid to another. Heat exchanger efficiency calculation preheat train efficiency monitoring accompanied by heat exchanger fouling rates entails utilizing of accurate temperature and the corresponding flow rate measurements. It has extensive domestic and industrial applications. Heat exchangers are used in both cooling and heating processes. The objective of this study is to contribute to this aspect in order to propose innovative controls to limit fouling deposit formation. Heat exchangers jordan university of science and technology. Written by hans mullersteinhagen published 2000 softcover 382 pages price. Fouling mitigation using helixchanger heat exchangers bashir i. An acid cleaning is often required to remove the hardened scale, which may eventually.

Fouling phenomena are common and diverse, ranging from fouling of ship hulls, natural surfaces in the marine environment marine fouling, fouling of heat transfer components through ingredients contained in cooling water or gases, and even the development of plaque or calculus on teeth or deposits on solar panels on mars, among other examples. Keeping heat exchanger tubes continuously clean and providing optimal heat exchange maintains process ef. Wilson department of chemical engineering, pembroke street, cambridge cb2 3ra, uk email. Chemical process plants proactive maintenance practices. In fact, fouling has been recognised for a in fact, fouling has been recognised for a long time, and research on heat exchanger fo uling was. August 15, 2017 heat exchanger wa 2 comments blog fouling is the deposition and accumulation of undesirable materials such as scale, algae, suspended solids and insoluble salts on the internal or external surfaces of processing equipment, such as heat exchangers. This handbook presents, now in the 2nd completely worked over and enlarged edition, the most important. Mitigation of crystallization fouling in double pipe heat. In fact, fouling has been recognised for a long time, and research on heat exchanger fouling was conducted as early as 1910 and the first practical application of this research was. The development of fouling depends on a number of things, 5 and 16. Online cleaning technique for mitigation of biofouling in heat. The zero fouling heat exchanger explained in this article is derived from the wellknown self cleaning fluidized bed heat exchange technology where the self cleaning action is only employed in the tubes.

The proceedings cover various aspects of heat exchanger fouling along with updated stateofart fouling mitigation and cleaning strategies. Such a hardened scale is common in heat transfer equipment using untreated water as a cooling medium. Heatexchanger fouling can be reduced by proper heatexchanger design. This thermal performance assessment is typically used in design, fouling monitoring in refinery operations, and the evaluation of mitigation options. The units is in operation in a seawater system for qafco in qatar. Fired heaters the selection of a heat exchanger depends on many factors including capital and operating costs, fouling, corrosion tendency, pressure drop, temperature ranges, and safety issues tolerance to leakage. Online fouling mitigation clean inprocess ultrasonic scale prevention usp works online, 24hrs7daysweek converts electrical into. Preventive measures for mitigation of fouling for compact.

In the food industry, fouling might occur either on the product side or on the water side when using industrial or river water as coolant. Heat exchangers heat exchanger pipe fluid conveyance. Corrosion fouling induced by sulfatereducing bacteria on stainless steel h. Pdf fouling phenomenon and its effect on heat exchanger. The author take a tutorial approach, presenting information on the application of heat pipe technology, design methods, and data to heat pipe cooling and heat exchange requirements. A better understanding of the problem and the mechanisms that lead to the accumulation of deposits on surfaces will provide opportunities to reduce or even eliminate the problem in certain situations. Value pricing of surface coatings for mitigating heat. A heat exchanger is a system used to transfer heat between two or more fluids. Introduction 1heat exchangers are devises that allow the exchange of heat between two fluids that are at different temperatures without mixing with each other. He provides the nonspecialist with sufficient understanding of heat pipe technology to appreciate and assess its application potential, while also meeting the needs. This technology delivers micropulse ultrasound, to disrupt fouling deposits and scale from adhering to heat transfer surfaces.

Heat exchanger fouling mitigation and cleaning technologies. These meetings provide an opportunity for experts from industry, academia and government research centres from around the world to present their latest research and technological developments in the areas of fouling mitigation and cleaning technologies. Fouling and fouling mitigation of calcium compounds on. However, one major phenomenon that limits heat exchanger performance is attributed to fouling. Mitigation of fouling in refinery heat exchanger networks. Industrial heat exchanger operation and maintenanceto minimize fouling and corrosion 3 easy steps to complete the course. Heat exchanger fouling a mitigation and cleaning technologies. Fouling and fouling mitigation on heat exchanger surfaces, heat exchangers basics design applications, dr. Can be installed in any position in the piping system. The decreasing price of oil and the increasing cost of energy force engineers to continuously face the challenges of designing highly effective equipment, developing innovative enhancements for heat transfer, and reducing equipment size, mass and cost. Nucleate boiling on microstructured surface august 2008 12 mb, pdf.

Based on this, various studies and approaches have focused on reduction, elimination and mitigation. Fouling mitigation using helixchanger heat exchangers. Particulate fouling can influence the performance of the heat exchanger in two ways, depending on the particle size. Conservative studies estimated that heat exchanger fouling leads to additional. Fouling and fouling mitigation on heat exchanger surfaces. Crystallization fouling, heat exchanger, heat transfer coefficient, glass bead, mitigation 1. Introduction hex are designed for thermal processes to work within allowable pressure drop limits and for a specified time period.

Fouling factor and calculation results files are generated. It is implemented for the purposes of heating and cooling of largescale industrial process luids 1. Completely revised and updated to reflect current advances in heat exchanger technology, heat exchanger design handbook, second edition includes enhanced figures and thermal effectiveness charts, tables, new chapter, and additional topicsall while keeping the qualities that made the first edition a centerpiece of information for practicing engineers, research, engineers, academicians. Fundamentals and applications engineering conferences international year 2003 the practical application and innovation of cleaning technology for heat exchangers george e. Physical water treatment for the mitigation of mineral fouling in coolingtower water applications, young i. Fouling of heat transfer equipment in the food industry. Heat exchanger fouling and cleaning challenges and. This unique and comprehensive text considers all aspects of heat exchanger fouling from the basic science of how surfaces become fouled to very practical ways of mitigating the problem and from mathematical modelling of different fouling mechanisms to practical methods of heat exchanger cleaning. Apr 23, 2016 mullersteinhagen h 2000 heat exchanger fouling mitigation and cleaning technologies.

Institution of chemical engineers this handbook presents the most important technologies concerning the reduction of fouling in heat exchangers, and the appropriate technologies for removal and cleaning. Aug 09, 2017 heat exchanger fouling and cleaning conference 2017 1. The practical application and innovation of cleaning. Fouling fouling is the resultant effect of deposition and removal of deposits on a heat exchanger surface. Heat exchanger fouling and cleaning xii 2017 1116 june 2017, aranjuez madrid, spain preface. Fouling is a resistance to energy transfer between fluids in pro cess equipment 1. Oily wastewater is also generated during heat exchanger cleaning. Online cleaning methods 109 kontinuierliche verfahren 3a1 introductory remarks prof. International journal of chemical engineering 2015 article. Replacing the heat exchanger with a new enhanced tube heat exchanger of the same size or smaller. Fundamentals and applications 2003 santa fe, new mexico, usa 18 22 may 2003. A large part of the text is devoted to the use of chemical and other additives to reduce or eliminate the problem of fouling.

Results of fouling factors validation and writing back validated calculated data into the plant information system. If the heat exchanger is located at the inlet or discharge of a blower with a pulsating flow, such as a roots type rotary lobe blower, the heat exchanger must be protected from the pulsation by a chambered silencer. The fluids may be separated by a solid wall to prevent mixing or they may be in direct contact. Xu northeast dianli university, china detection of fouling in a crossflow heat exchanger using wavelets h. Spiral tube heat exchanger one or more spirally wound tubes heat transfer higher turbulence induced is more due to higher velocity natural scrubbing of the tube production cycle extended for a longer time.

The result is an increased pressure drop in the water circuit of the heat exchanger. In the following, various mitigation and cleaning techniques are. This handbook presents, now in the 2nd completely worked over and enlarged edition, the most important technologies concerning the reduction of fouling in heat exchangers beginning with constructional disposition, prevention measures and the appropriate technologies of removal and cleaning. Actual fouling factor calculations for each heat exchanger, using the methodology explained bellow. Mitigation and cleaning technologies, institution of chemical engineers, rugby 2000, pp. Handbook of heat exchanger fouling 2000 edition open.

The objective of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of four cleaning methods for the removal of tubeside fouling in a doublepipe heat exchanger. Fluidized bed heat exchangers to prevent fouling in ice slurry. General references on or related to heat exchangers. Compact heat exchangers and enhancement technology for the process. Furthermore, the general and scientific fundamentals of heat transfer are explained. Denaturation kinetics of whey protein isolate solutions and. Performancefailures,flow maldistribution, fouling,andcorrosion 125 3. Fouling is the accumulation of unwanted material on solid surfaces to the detriment of function. Pdf fouling and fouling mitigation on heat exchanger surfaces. This can achieved through mechanical, chemical or supersonic cleaning methods. Extensive technical literature is available on heat exchanger design, operation and maintenance, but it is widely scattered throughout the industrial bulletins, industrial design codes and standard, technical journals, etc. Experimental investigations have been carried out to observe the relationship between the.